Well-drilling bit



Sept. 25, 1928. 1,685,327

A. W. KAMMERER WELL DRILLING BIT Original Filed Nov. 12, 1924 My for A eW Mm/flerer Patented Sept. 25, 1928.

ARCHEBbW. KAMMERER, OF FULLERTON, CALIFORNIA.

WELL-DRILLING BIT.

Application filed November 12, 1924, Serial No. 749,389. Renewed May 1,1928.

This invention has to db generally with a bit or boring toolparticularly useful in drilling wells and it is a general objectofthe'invention to provide a simple, practical and effective device ofthis character.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved cutting member ordisc cutter for a bit of the disc type.

Another object of this invention is to provide a disc bit having a bodywith discs substantially opposite each other at the front and rear sidesof the body.

A further object of this invention is to nrovide a bit having aplurality of discs arranged so that one comes into operation uponanother being worn away.

Another object of this invention is to provide a simple, effective discmounting, whereby therelationin of the discs can be varied.

The various ob ects and features of this invention will be best and morefully understood from the following detailed description of a typicalpreferred form of the invention throughout which description referenceis had to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a view showing atypical well drilling bit embodying this invention.

Fig. 2 is a detailed plan section takenas indicated by line 2-2 on Fig.1.

v Fig. 3 is an enlarged. detailed sectional viegv taken as indicatedbvline 3-3 on Fig. 2 an Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed sectional viewtaken as indicated by line 44 on Fig. 1.

The bit including the present invention comprises, generally, a shank orbody 10, a plurality of disc-like cutters 11, and mounting means 12 forthe cutters.

The body 10 may, in practice, be varied in shape and design, dependingupon various conditions, such as the proportioning of the cutters,mounting means, the character of work for which the tool is to be used,etc. The particular body 10 illustrated in the drawings is of thegeneral type employed in well drilling tools and has a round upper endportion 13 provided with a tapered screw threaded pin 14 by which thetool may be connected w1th an operating member or drill pipe. The lowerportion 15 ofv the body is substantially flat and is disposeddiametrically with relation to the vertical axis of the tool.

In accordance with my presentinvention each cutter 11 is in the form ofa disc. The

front or face of the disc illustrated in the drawings is flat while theperiphery portion 16 of the back of the disc is finished or beveled offto join the periphery of the front face 17. The periphery portion of theback of the disc being finished to join the front face of the disc formsa sharp cutting periphery on the disc. In accordance with the broaderaspects of this invention it isnot essential that the front face of thedisc be fiat as I have illustrated in the drawings, nor that the disc ingeneral be flat as I have shown in the drawings. It would be apparentthat the desired sharp periphery may be obtained by shaping theperiphery portions forthe disc in various manners and that the generalshape of the disc may be varied considerably.

The periphery portion of the disc is made irregular or is toothed. Thedesired teethmay be formed by cutting suitable indentations in theperiphery portion of the disc. In the particular case Illustrated in thedrawings the teethare formed by cutting indentations in the periphery ofthe disc, the indentations being so shaped that each tooth has a flatface 20 disposed radially with relation to the central axis of the discand an inclined or beveled face 21 extending diagonally from the peak oroutermost part of the tooth to the bottom or root of the next adjacenttooth. The general shape and relationing of the teeth will be fullyunderstood frominspection of Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings. It is to beunderstood that the broader aspects of my invention contemplate suitablevariations in the shape and formation of the teeth as well as theperiphery portion, generally, of the discs, to suit the operatingconditions under which the tool is to be used. Further, the

size of the teeth with relation to the diameter of the disc and thenumber of teeth applied to the disc may be readily, varied to best suitconditions and the disposition of the teeth with reference to thedirection of rotation of the discs may be made to best suit operatingconditions.

In accordance with m invention the discs or cutters 11 are mounte on thebod in pairs, each pair of discs includin a disc ibcated in the frontside of the body, ereinafter designated the front disc A and a disclocated at the rear side of the bod hereinafter designated the rear discB. n the particular bit illustrated in the drawings there are two pairsof discs mounted on the flat portion 15 of the body at opposite sides ofthe central axis of the body.

The mounting means 12 includes a disc carrier 22 mounted in the flatportion 15 of the body and projections or pins 23 extending from thecarrier and carrying the discs. There is a carrier 22 for each pair ofdiscs, which carrier is mounted in an opening 24 formed through the fiatpart15 of the body. Each carrier is provided at its front end with a pin23 to carry the front disc A, and at its rear end with a pin 23 to carrythe rear disc B. The carrier 22 and opening 24 are-round and the openingis provided with a forwardly facing shoulder 25 which receives ashoulder 26 on the carrier to prevent displacement of the car rierthrough the rear of the opening. In ac- .cordance with my invention thedisccarrying pins 23 are formed on the carrier with their axes offsetwith relation to the axis of the car rier, or in other words, so thatthey are eccentric to the carrier. The two pins on the carrier may beoffset in the same direction and to the same degree, or any desiredrelationing ofthe pins may be had. In the particular case illustrated inthe drawings, the pins are both offset the same amount from the axis ofthe carrier and are offset in diametrically opposite directions from theaxis of the carrier. With this 'relationing of pins the discs are thrownor moved in opposite directions upon rotationof the carrier in opening24. Sultable means is provided for retaining the carrier 22 in theopening 24 in the desired rotating position. This means may'include apin 30 arranged through an opening v31 in the fiat part 15 of the bodyto extend into a suitable opening 32 provided in the carrier. Byproviding a plurality of openings 32 at different rotative positions inthe carrier the carrier can be set in different rotative positions. By

varying or adjusting the position of the carrier in'the opening the twodiscs or cutters of each pair may be varied with reference to the part15 of the body,,for instance, either cutter may be moved to a positionto extend below the other or to a position to extend outwardly beyondthe other. In the drawings, I have illustrated the carriers relatedandset so that the front discs A extend below the rear discs B, the frontand rear discs both extending outwardly the same distance from thecenter of the tool. In this case, the front discs will be subjected tothe most work until such time as they are worn down, whereupon thereardiscs come into play.

In order that the discs may be comparatively large in diameter it isdesirable to shape the flat portion 15 of the body so that the discs ofthe two pairs overlap. In the drawings I have illustrated the leadingside parts 40 of the flat part 15 extended somewhat, so that the frontdiscs A of the two pairs overlap or extend over the rear discs B. Thisrelationing is clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

In the drawings it will be noted that the two discs of each pair are ofdifferent sizes, that the two discs of each pair have different numbersof teeth, and that the teeth are of difierent sizes. With thisconstruction I avoid all possibility of one cutter tracking in the pathof another without operating. It will be understood, of course, that thebody 10 may be provided with a suitable passage for circulating fluidand that the passage may be 'made to discharge at or onto the cutters inthe most advantageous manner.

7 Having described only a typical preferred form of my invention I donot wish to limit myself to the specific details hereinabove set forth,but wish to reserve to myself any changes or variations that may appearto those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the followingclaims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A bit including, a flat body, and two pairs of disc cutters carriedby the body at diametrically opposite sides of its central axis, eachpair of cutters including a cutter at the leading side of the body and acutter at the trailin side of the bod 2. Adoit including, abody, twocutters, and mounting means for the cutters including, a round carriermounted in the body, and pins extending from opposite ends of thecarrier toproject from opposite sides of the body to carry the cutters,the axes of the pins being ofiset relative to the axis of the carrier.

3. A bit including, a body, two cutters, and mounting means for thecutters including, a round carrier mounted in the body, means forsetting the carrier in different rotative positions in the body, andpins extending from opposite ends of the carrier to project fromopposite sides of the body to carry the cutters, the axes of the pinsbeing offset relative to the axis of the carrier.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my namethis 28th day of Oct, 192%.

ARCHER W. KAMMERER.

